Cholesterol is essential for the proper functioning of nerves and the manufacture of important hormones in the body. This white waxy substance that has no smell or taste is made either by the liver or is part of the daily dietary intake of food. Cholesterol commonly found in foods such as meat, fish, poultry, eggs, whole milk products and seafood is the common cause in the development of artery clogging plaques on the inner walls resulting in the artery hardening and blockages developing. This hinders the flow of blood entering the heart resulting in a heart attack and stroke.

Cholesterol regulates itself throughout the body in 3 different forms. These include:
*LDL-Low density lipoprotein which is manufactured by the liver and contributes to the fatting deposits around the artery walls resulting in the clogging of the artery.
*Triglycerides- which are unsaturated fat that is not entirely broken down by the liver
*HDL-High density lipoprotein is made in the liver and responses to exercise, certain foods and can often reverse the damage done by LDL.

An important factor to consider in the manufacture of cholesterol in your child’s diet is to identify the 3 different types of fats that affect the blood cholesterol level:
*Saturated fat causes a raise in blood cholesterol levels resulting in weight gain due to the high amount of kilojoules and the increase risk of heart disease. This type of fat commonly found in animal sources (meat, cheese, butter) remains solid in room temperature. Saturated fat is difficult to digest and store in the body.
*Polyunsaturated fat is similar to the effects of saturated fat except the kilojoules consumed are nutritious as they provide essential fatty acids (EFA). This fat is commonly found in vegetable oils, oily fish nuts and seeds. EFA provides the body with protection against heart disease, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and eczema. These fats are essential for the development of the baby in the uterus.
*Trans-fats are the by-product of the hydrogenation process used to manufacture vegetable oils. The hydrogenated process can cause damage to the body cells.
*Monounsaturated fats are beneficial to health of the body as it is a rich in fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K. It also contains antioxidants that can prevent cancer, arthritis and heart disease.

How to limit the intake of cholesterol in your child’s diet:
*Encourage your child to eat less fat especially foods that contain saturated fats
*If your child is over weight, limit the intake of food that is high in fats and modify your child’s diet to include healthier food options. Encourage your child to get involved in physical activities to promote weight loss.
*The healthy foods consumed should include fibre rich foods such as fresh fruit and vegetables, whole wheat bread, rice and pasta.
*Limit the intake of fat by trimming the visible fat of meats, the rind of soft cheese and the thick spreading of butter. Reserve the intake of biscuits and cakes for treats rather than daily snacking.